Following are the risk of factors of kidney disease:

• Diabeties
• Hypertension
• Severe heart disease
• Protein leakage from urine
• Use of over the counters medicines including painkiller and antibiotics
• Obesity
• Smoking

Following are the symptoms of early kidney disease:

• Weakness
• Fatigue
• Change in urinary habit
• Frequent Urine at night
• Frothing in urine
• Swelling of legs

Kidney problem of an early stage can be identified by a simple test:

• Serum creatinine level
• Urine routine
• Microscopy test

Any person with the presence of ‘said’ risk factors should screen for kidney problems. It should be done at least once a year.

• Creatinine is a bio-product of muscles break down formed by lever and removed from body by kidney.
• High blood creatinine level usually means kidney malfunction but sometimes it can be increased after strenuous exercise and animal protein intakes.

• Recent loss of weight
• Excessive swelling of body
• Breathing dificulty
• Repeated nausea
• Vomiting
• Decrease in urine output
• Severely low hemoglobin level

• Kidney transplantation
• Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis

• Kidney transplantation
• Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis

Kidney transplantation is the best fit available to patients with advance stage kidney problems.

• Healthy diet
• Regular exercise
• Weight reduction
• Quitting smoking
• Good blood sugar level control in diabetic patient
• Good BP control in hypertension patients
• Avoiding over the counter medications
• Regular screening for kidney problem
• Early consultation of nephrologist of initial stage of kidney disease

These can reduce the risk of chronic kidney disease and the need for dialysis in already diagnosed cases of CKD.

• Kidney patient not on dialysis should follow:
  • Low salt diet
  • Good amount of fluid intake
  • Their protein intake should be under 0-7-0.8 gm/1 kg of body
• Patients who are on hemodialysis should follow:
  • Low salt diet
  • Fluid intake 1 litter / day
  • They should take high quantity and quality of protein in their diet
• All kidney patient should avoid:
  • Outside food
  • Fast food
  • Food that may contain preservatives
  • Chocolates
  • Green leafy vegetables, etc.

These can reduce the risk of chronic kidney disease and the need for dialysis in already diagnosed cases of CKD.